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Supreme Court Building with Scales of Justice
Constitutional Law Court System
Judicial Review

What is judicial review?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
Judicial review is the power of courts to invalidate laws or government actions that violate the constitution. It typically happens when a case is brought by someone claiming their constitutional rights were infringed, and judges assess the measure’s legality. This article explains how judicial review works, key steps in a challenge, and why it matters. […]
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Forensic Scientist Examining Evidence in Laboratory
Criminal Law Evidence Evidence
Forensics

What is forensic evidence?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
Forensic evidence is scientific evidence collected and analyzed for legal proceedings, commonly including DNA, fingerprints, trace materials, and digital data. It helps investigators reconstruct events and connect suspects, victims, and locations through measurable findings. This article explains what forensic evidence is, major types, how it’s handled, and why it matters in criminal cases. Forensic evidence […]
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Evidence Handling Documentation and Tracking Process
Evidence Handling Evidence Law
Legal Evidence Management

What is chain of custody?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
Chain of custody is a continuous, documented record of evidence control from collection through courtroom presentation, showing no tampering or contamination. It logs each transfer’s who, what, when, where, and how to support admissibility. This article explains the steps, required documentation, and common breaks that can undermine a case. Chain of custody is a critical […]
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Expert Witness Testifying in Courtroom Trial
Courtroom Practices Evidence Law
Expert Testimony

What is expert testimony?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
Expert testimony is evidence from a qualified specialist who can give opinion testimony based on training, education, or experience. It helps judges and juries understand technical or scientific issues beyond common knowledge. This article explains what expert testimony is, how experts are qualified, and how their opinions are used in court. Expert testimony plays a […]
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Evidence Diagram Showing Direct Vs Circumstantial Proof
Evidence Evidence Law
Legal Evidence

What is direct evidence?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
Direct evidence is proof that establishes a fact without requiring any inference, such as an eyewitness statement, a recording, or a confession. It can be highly persuasive because it directly addresses what happened, unlike circumstantial evidence that requires reasoning. This article defines direct evidence and gives practical examples to help you recognize it in legal […]
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Magnifying Glass Examining Documents and Evidence
Evidence Evidence Law
Legal Evidence

What is evidence?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
Evidence is any information introduced in court to prove or disprove a fact, typically grouped into 4 main types: testimonial, documentary, physical, and demonstrative. Judges apply rules like relevance and reliability to decide what the jury can consider. This article explains what evidence is, how it’s used, and the common categories that affect case outcomes. […]
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Person Speaking at Witness Stand in Courtroom
Courtroom Practices Evidence
Legal Definitions

What is testimony?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
Testimony is a sworn statement given by a witness under oath in a legal proceeding. It provides evidence based on what the witness personally saw, heard, or experienced, helping judges and juries evaluate the facts. This article explains how testimony works, where it’s used, and why it matters. Understanding Testimony in Legal Settings Testimony is […]
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Lawyer Questioning Witness During Legal Deposition
Civil Litigation Evidence
Legal Procedures

What is a deposition?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
A deposition is sworn, out-of-court testimony given under oath during the discovery phase of a lawsuit. Attorneys question a witness while a court reporter creates a transcript (and sometimes video) that can be used for impeachment or evidence at trial. This article explains how depositions work, who attends, and what to expect. Understanding Depositions in […]
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Legal Document with Pen and Gavel on Desk
Affidavits Legal Definitions
Legal Documents

What is an affidavit?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
An affidavit is a sworn written statement of facts signed under oath, typically before a notary public or authorized officer. Making a false statement can lead to perjury penalties because it carries the same force as in-court testimony. This article explains the required elements, who can sign, and common legal uses for affidavits. An affidavit […]
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Person Taking an Oath with Raised Right Hand
Affidavits Legal Definitions
Sworn Statements

What is an oath?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
An oath is a solemn, legally binding promise to tell the truth or faithfully perform a duty. It’s commonly required in court testimony, affidavits, and public office, sometimes invoking a higher power or sacred text as witness. This article explains the key elements of an oath, how it differs from an affirmation, and when it’s […]
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Gavel on Legal Documents Representing Disbarment
Attorney Ethics & Professional Responsibility Attorney Ethics and Misconduct
Professional Responsibility

What is disbarment?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert
Disbarment is the most severe attorney discipline, resulting in a lawyer losing the right to practice law, permanently or for a set term. A disbarred attorney must surrender their license and cannot represent clients, appear in court, or give legal advice. This article explains the disbarment process, common causes, and what happens after disbarment. Disbarment […]
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