Blog

Bankruptcy & Debt Debt Relief

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Student Loans

What is student loan debt discharge?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

Student loan debt discharge is the legal elimination of some or all student loan balance, typically through federal programs like Public Service Loan Forgiveness (after 120 qualifying payments) or, less commonly, bankruptcy. Eligibility depends on the loan type and strict requirements such as qualifying employment, repayment plan rules, and documented hardship. This article explains what […]

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Anti-Discrimination Laws Child Safety and Protection

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Education Law

What is school bullying law?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

School bullying laws are state rules that require K–12 schools to prevent, report, and respond to bullying, often through written policies and disciplinary procedures. While requirements vary by state, most laws define prohibited conduct and mandate investigations, parent notification, and protections against retaliation. This article explains how bullying is legally defined, what schools must do, […]

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Education Law Special Education

What is a special education attorney?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

A special education attorney helps families enforce disability-education rights under IDEA (20 U.S.C. § 1400 et seq.) and related laws. They advise on evaluations, IEP/504 plans, and represent parents in meetings, mediation, due process, or court to secure FAPE. This article explains what they do, when to hire one, and how the process works. Understanding […]

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Anti-Discrimination Laws Discrimination Law

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Education Law

What is educational discrimination?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

Educational discrimination is unfair treatment in school based on protected characteristics rather than performance, and it is illegal under federal civil rights laws (including Title VI, Title IX, ADA, and Section 504). It can affect discipline, access to programs, special education, accommodations, and graduation opportunities. This article explains what it is, common examples, and key […]

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Data Privacy Law Education Law

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Student Rights & Civil Liberties

What is student privacy law (FERPA)?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

Student privacy law (FERPA) is a 1974 federal law that protects the privacy of student education records at schools receiving U.S. Department of Education funding. It grants parents rights to access and request corrections, which transfer to students at age 18 or when attending postsecondary school. This article explains FERPA basics, covered records, disclosures, and […]

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Anti-Discrimination Laws Civil Rights Law

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Education Law

What is Title IX?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

Title IX is a 1972 federal civil rights law that prohibits sex discrimination in any education program or activity receiving federal funding. It applies to K–12 schools and colleges, covering athletics, academics, admissions, and sexual harassment/assault procedures. This article explains the basics of Title IX, who it protects, and how enforcement works. Title IX is […]

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Education Law Juvenile

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Student Rights & Civil Liberties

What is school discipline law?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

School discipline law is the set of federal and state rules that governs how schools can punish students, including suspensions and expulsions, while protecting due process rights. It requires fair, consistent procedures and limits discipline that is arbitrary or discriminatory. This article explains the core legal standards, student rights, and how discipline policies differ by […]

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Education Law Education Policy and Student Rights

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Special Education

What is an IEP?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

An IEP (Individualized Education Program) is a legally required written plan under IDEA for eligible students with disabilities. It lists the student’s present levels, measurable goals, accommodations, and special education services. This article explains who qualifies, what an IEP includes, and how the process works in schools. An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a written […]

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Education Law Special Education

What is the IDEA?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

The IDEA is a federal law that guarantees eligible children with disabilities ages 3–21 a free appropriate public education (FAPE). It requires special education and related services tailored through an Individualized Education Program (IEP). This article explains IDEA basics, who qualifies, and key protections for families and students. Understanding the Basics of IDEA The Individuals […]

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Criminal Charges and Procedures Criminal Law

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Juvenile Justice

What is trying a juvenile as an adult?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

Trying a juvenile as an adult means a person under 18 is transferred from juvenile court to adult criminal court for prosecution and sentencing. Transfers typically apply to serious violent felonies or repeat offenses, depending on state law and the youth’s age. This article explains transfer methods, key factors courts consider, and the consequences of […]

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Criminal Justice System Jail

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Juvenile Justice

What is juvenile detention?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

Juvenile detention is the temporary secure confinement of minors ages 10–17 accused or convicted of crimes. Youth are held in juvenile detention centers while awaiting a court hearing or after a judge’s disposition, rather than in adult jail. This article explains what detention is, how centers operate, and what happens next in the juvenile court […]

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Crime and Justice Criminal Law

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Juvenile Justice

What is a juvenile delinquent?

March 26, 2026 • By Jack Gilbert

A juvenile delinquent is typically a person under age 18 who has committed a criminal law violation. Juvenile cases are usually handled in juvenile court, which emphasizes rehabilitation over adult-style punishment, though age limits and transfer rules vary by state. This article explains the definition, how juvenile proceedings work, and common charges and outcomes. Understanding […]

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