Jack Gilbert

Debt Collection Legal Concepts and Terminology Legal Definitions

What is a judgment creditor?

March 26, 2026

A judgment creditor is a person or business that has won a court judgment ordering the debtor to pay money. After judgment, the creditor can...

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Constitutional Law First Amendment Freedom of Speech

What is the First Amendment?

March 26, 2026

The First Amendment is the first of the Bill of Rights, ratified in 1791, and it protects five freedoms: speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition....

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Constitutional Law Constitutional Rights and Civil Liberties Search and Seizure

What is the Fourth Amendment?

March 26, 2026

The Fourth Amendment protects Americans from unreasonable searches and seizures and generally requires probable cause for a warrant. It limits how police and other government...

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Asset Protection Bankruptcy and Debt Fraud

What is a fraudulent transfer?

March 26, 2026

A fraudulent transfer is a debtor’s move of money or property intended to hinder, delay, or defraud creditors, or made for less than reasonably equivalent...

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Bankruptcy Bankruptcy Procedures Legal Forms & Documentation

What is a proof of claim?

March 26, 2026

A proof of claim is the official form a creditor files in a bankruptcy case to assert a right to payment from the debtor’s estate,...

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Bankruptcy Bankruptcy & Debt Debt Relief

What is credit counseling for bankruptcy?

March 26, 2026

Credit counseling for bankruptcy is a required session with an approved nonprofit agency that most filers must complete within 180 days before submitting a bankruptcy...

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Bankruptcy and Debt Debt Management Debt Relief

What is debt consolidation?

March 26, 2026

Debt consolidation combines multiple debts into a single loan or payment—often to secure a lower interest rate or simpler monthly bill. It can reduce costs...

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Bankruptcy & Debt Debt Collection Debt Relief Debt Resolution

What is debt settlement?

March 26, 2026

Debt settlement is a process where you negotiate to pay less than your total debt, often settling for 30–60% of the balance. It typically involves...

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Bankruptcy Bankruptcy & Debt Bankruptcy Law

What is a bankruptcy exemption?

March 26, 2026

A bankruptcy exemption is a state- or federal-law protection that lets you keep certain property—often including a portion of home equity, a vehicle, retirement accounts,...

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Bankruptcy and Debt Credit and Debt Debt Collection

What is a secured creditor?

March 26, 2026

A secured creditor is a lender whose debt is backed by collateral—such as a home, car, or business assets—giving them a legal right to seize...

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Bankruptcy Bankruptcy Law Bankruptcy Procedures

What is preferential transfer?

March 26, 2026

A preferential transfer is a payment or asset transfer made shortly before a bankruptcy filing that lets one creditor receive more than it would in...

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Bankruptcy Bankruptcy Law Chapter 11

What is Chapter 11 bankruptcy?

March 26, 2026

Chapter 11 bankruptcy is a federal court process under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code that lets a business—or in some cases an individual—reorganize debts while continuing...

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