A holographic will is a will written and signed in the testator’s own handwriting, and in many states it can be valid without witnesses. It’s often used in emergencies, but strict rules about handwriting, signature, and clear intent determine whether a court will accept it. This article explains how holographic wills work, which states recognize […]
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What is a gift tax?
Gift tax is a federal tax that may apply when you give someone more than the annual exclusion amount—$18,000 per recipient in 2024—though most people owe $0 because of the lifetime exemption. In many cases, you still must file IRS Form 709 to report gifts above the limit, even if no tax is due. This […]
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What is estate tax?
Estate tax is a federal tax on the transfer of a person’s assets at death, and in 2025 it generally applies only to estates above the federal exemption (about $13.6 million per person). Some states also impose their own estate or inheritance taxes with lower thresholds. This article explains how estate tax works, what counts […]
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What is an inheritance tax?
Inheritance tax is a state tax some beneficiaries may owe on inherited money or property, and only a handful of U.S. states currently impose it. The rate and exemption depend on where the deceased lived and your relationship to them, with spouses often exempt and more distant heirs paying more. This article explains how inheritance […]
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What is a beneficiary?
A beneficiary is a person or entity you legally name to receive assets, money, or other benefits, often upon your death. Beneficiaries can be designated in wills, trusts, life insurance policies, retirement accounts, and payable-on-death accounts. This article explains beneficiary types, how designations work, and common mistakes to avoid. A beneficiary is a person or […]
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What is an heir?
An heir is a person legally entitled to inherit property from someone who dies, either under a valid will or under state intestacy laws when there is no will. Heir priority typically follows family relationships such as spouses, children, parents, and other relatives. This article explains who qualifies as an heir, the main types of […]
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What is a bequest?
A bequest is a gift of money, property, or other assets made through a will to a named beneficiary, organization, or charity. It takes effect only after the will-maker dies and the estate is administered, and it can be specific (a particular item) or general (a sum of money). This article explains how bequests work, […]
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What is an inheritance?
An inheritance is the money, property, or other assets a person receives after someone dies, typically through a will, trust, or state intestacy laws. The amount and timing depend on the decedent’s estate plan, outstanding debts, and probate or trust administration requirements. This article explains what counts as an inheritance, how it’s transferred, who is […]
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What is a living will?
A living will is a legal document that states your medical treatment wishes if you become unable to communicate them. It guides doctors and loved ones on care you want or refuse, often alongside other advance directives. This article explains living wills, how they differ from advance healthcare directives, and what they cover. A living […]
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What is an executor?
An executor is the person legally appointed to settle a deceased person’s estate through probate. They gather assets, pay valid debts and taxes, and distribute remaining property under the will or state law. This article explains what an executor does, how they’re chosen, and key responsibilities and limits. When someone passes away, their assets, debts, […]
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What is a durable power of attorney?
A durable power of attorney is a written legal document that authorizes 1 trusted agent to handle your financial matters if you become incapacitated. It stays effective even after incapacity, allowing tasks like paying bills, managing accounts, and signing documents without a court-appointed guardian. This article explains how a DPOA works, who to choose, and […]
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What is a healthcare proxy?
A healthcare proxy is a legal document that names 1 person (and often an alternate) to make medical decisions for you if you can’t communicate. It lets your chosen agent speak with doctors and consent to or refuse treatment based on your wishes. This article explains how healthcare proxies work, who to choose, and how […]
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